territory

August 10, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

02

Taiwan simulates Penghu invasion

Penghu County · Taiwan

Taiwanese forces conducted a large-scale military exercise on the Penghu Islands on August 10, 2026, simulating the defense of the islands against an amphibious assault. The exercise i...

amphibious army artillery asia beijing china

america board ceasefire conflict diplomacy disarmament

03

August 10, 2026 Politics

Trump Gaza framework continues

Gaza · Palestine

Officials associated with the U.S.-backed Board of Peace said on August 10, 2026, that President Donald Trump's Gaza framework remained active despite disagreement with Israeli Prime Mini...

August 5, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

04

Iran warns Gulf states

Tehran · Tehran Province · Iran

Iran warned Gulf states on August 5, 2026, that any new United States attack on Iranian territory could lead to retaliatory strikes against energy facilities and other critical infrastruc...

america araqchi bases conflict diplomacy electricity

ammunition army artillery asia ballistic conflict

05

August 5, 2026 Breaking

North Korea deploys missile unit

Voronezh region · Russia

Ukraine's military intelligence reported on August 5, 2026, that North Korea had deployed a missile unit to Russia's Voronezh region to support Russian military operations against Ukraine...

Gaza · Gaza Strip · Palestine

06

August 2, 2026 Breaking

Moshe Feiglin Gaza remarks

Moshe Feiglin, an Israeli politician and former member of the Knesset, has advocated policies involving the displacement of Palestinians from the Gaza Strip. Feiglin is the founder and le...

babies blockade channel children civilians conflict

June 13, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

07

Sam Abu Haikal shooting

Hebron · Palestine

CNN reported on an incident that occurred in Hebron in the West Bank in which a 7-month-old Palestinian child, Sam Fahd Abu Haikal, was shot during an encounter involving Israeli soldiers...

accountability baby bteslem casualty checkpoint child

April 8, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

08

US and Iran begin ceasefire

Iran

The United States and Iran entered a two-week ceasefire on April 8, 2026, following more than five weeks of military conflict. U.S. President Donald Trump announced the agreement after me...

america araqchi blockade ceasefire conflict diplomacy

March 24, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

09

Child killed in Gaza shooting incident

Gaza · Palestine

A Palestinian child was reported killed and several others injured by Israeli gunfire in the Gaza Strip on March 24, 2026, according to the Palestinian news agency WAFA. The incident was ...

bureij casualties ceasefire child civilians conflict

March 2, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

10

Israel expands strikes, deploys troops on Lebanon border.

Maroun al-Ras · Nabatieh Governorate · Lebanon

On March 2, 2026, Lebanese health authorities reported that at least 31 people were killed and more than 100 were injured in Israeli airstrikes conducted in multiple areas of southern Leb...

2026 airstrikes beirut border casualties conflict

February 28, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

11

US and Israel strike Iran

The United States and Israel launched coordinated military strikes against Iran on February 28, 2026. The operation targeted Iranian military facilities, missile capabilities, government ...

america bases blockade conflict defense diplomacy

February 28, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

12

U.S. and Israeli Military Operations in Iran Report Deaths on All Sides

Tehran · Tehran Province · Iran

U.S. and Israeli Military Operations in Iran Report Deaths on All Sides On February 28, 2026, the United States and Israel launched coordinated military operations against targets in Ira...

2026 ballistic casualties civilians conflict deaths

February 14, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

13

Trapped Between Walls: Civilian Life Under Prolonged Occupation

There is no real pause button for civilians in the West Bank and Gaza. The restrictions do not switch off at night. The fear does not fade with sunrise. Checkpoints, roadblocks, military ...

2026 aid blockade checkpoints children civilians

February 12, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

14

Encroaching Shadows: Extremist Israeli Colonisers Plant Trees in Lebanon

Southern Lebanon · Tyre · South Governorate · Lebanon

On February 12, 2026, the fragile calm along southern Lebanon’s border was shattered as extremist Israeli settlers planted olive and pine trees deep inside Lebanese territory. What may se...

2026 armed presence border dispute border villages conflict controversy

February 10, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

15

Israeli military drones strike bicyclists in Gaza killing two Palestinians

Gaza Strip · Gaza City · Palestine

Israeli military drones strike bicyclists in Gaza killing two Palestinians On February 10, 2026, two Palestinian men riding bicycles in eastern Deir al‑Balah in the Gaza Strip ...

2026 attack bicycle casualties ceasefire conflict

February 6, 2026 Breaking

16

IDF Detains Settlers After Unauthorized Entry Into Gaza

Gaza Border Area · Gaza City · Gaza Strip · Palestine

IDF Detains Israelis After Unauthorized Entry Into Gaza On February 6, 2026, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) reported that several Israeli civilians, identified by authorities as activis...

activist apprehension border breaking civilians conflict

February 4, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

17

24 Palestinians killed by Israeli fire in Gaza, medics say

Gaza City · Gaza Strip · Palestine

24 Palestinians killed by Israeli fire in Gaza, medics say On February 4, 2026, health officials in the Gaza Strip reported that Israeli strikes and artillery fire across the territory k...

2026 artillery bombing casualties ceasefire children

February 4, 2026 Politics

18

European Union Approves New Sanctions on Belarus

European Commission · Brussels · Brussels-Capital Region · Belgium

European Union Approves New Sanctions on Belarus On February 4, 2026, the European Union formally approved a new sanctions package targeting Belarus in response to ongoing acti...

2026 asset_freeze belarus defense diplomacy europa

February 3, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

19

Gaza under siege. Destruction of water and civilian infrastructure since 1948

Gaza Strip · Gaza City · Palestine

Infrastructure Under Fire: Gaza’s Water Systems Since 1948 body { font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.6; margin: 40px; c...

airstrike attacks blockade bombing casualties civilian

February 2, 2026 Breaking

20

IDF Blocks Palestinian Bedouins From Rebuilding Homes Burned By Settlers

Hebron · West Bank · Palestine

IDF Blocks Palestinian Bedouins From Rebuilding Homes Burned By Settlers In early February 2026 the Israel Defense Forces issued orders preventing Palestinian Bedouin residents of the We...

arson attacks bedouin blockade burned crimes

January 31, 2026 Politics

21

Danish Protests Erupt Over Trump Remarks and Greenland Dispute

Copenhagen · Capital Region · Denmark

Danish Protests Erupt Over Trump Remarks and Greenland Dispute On January 31, 2026, large protests took place in Copenhagen, Denmark, and other Danish cities in response to rec...

afghanistan alliance anger civil copenhagen demonstration

January 24, 2026 Breaking

22

Israeli settlers reportedly beat residents on West Bank outskirts

Hebron · Hebron Governorate · Palestine

On January 24, 2026, multiple news sources reported that Israeli settlers allegedly beat three residents, including a 70‑year‑old man, on the outskirts of a town in the occupied West Bank...

2026 70yearold arabnews attack beating clash

January 20, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

23

Multiple Fronts Escalate: Ukraine Hit by Massive Strikes as Gaza Evacuations Begin

Russian forces launched a series of large-scale aerial and missile attacks against Ukraine overnight, using updated tactics that targeted critical energy infrastructure and nuclear power ...

battle ceasefire civilians conflict drones energy

December 18, 2025 Politics

24

Settlers Cross Into Gaza as Hundreds of Far‑right Israelis Hold Event Vowing

Gaza Border Area · Gaza City · Gaza Strip · Palestine

Settlers Cross Into Gaza as Hundreds of Far‑right Israelis Hold Event Vowing Resettlement On December 18, 2025, a group of Israeli civilians from the far‑right Nachala movement crossed f...

2025 action border civilians cross december

October 10, 2025 Wars & Conflicts

25

Gaza Ceasefire Takes Effect After Israel Approves Deal

Gaza Strip · Gaza City · Palestine

Gaza Ceasefire Takes Effect After Israel Approves Deal On October 10, 2025, a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in the Gaza Strip officially went into effect after the Israeli governmen...

2025 agreement aid ceasefire conflict crossings

November 21, 2024 Wars & Conflicts

26

Netanyahu declared an ICC war crimes suspect

International Criminal Court · The Hague · South Holland · Netherlands

Netanyahu declared an ICC war crimes suspect On November 21, 2024, the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague issued an arrest warrant for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netany...

2024 accountability arrest charges civilian conflict

June 24, 2024 Wars & Conflicts

27

Report Says Up to 21,000 Children Missing or Separated From Families in Gaza

Report Says Up to 21,000 Children Missing or Separated From Families in Gaza A new report warned that the number of children missing or separated from their families in the Gaz...

aid airstrikes children civilians communication conflict

Knesset · Jerusalem · Jerusalem District · Israel

28

June 12, 2024 Politics

Moshe Feiglin Statements on Gaza

Moshe Feiglin Statements on Gaza On June 12, 2024, Moshe Feiglin, an Israeli politician and former Knesset member, made statements regarding Palestinians in Gaza that drew widespread int...

2024 2025 adolf channel12 children condemnation

activists aid arrest border ceasefire crossing

29

April 26, 2024 Breaking

Rabbis Gaza border arrest Israel

Erez Crossing · Israel

On April 26, 2024, Israeli police detained a group of rabbis and peace activists near the Erez Crossing along the Gaza–Israel border. The group was participating in a coordinated protest ...

Jerusalem Synagogue Event Venues · Jerusalem · Jerusalem District · Israel

30

March 6, 2024 Breaking

Synagogues Host Real Estate Events Marketing West Bank Properties

In early March 2024, several synagogues in the United States and Canada hosted real estate events where properties in the West Bank and East Jerusalem — areas internationally considered o...

2024 advocacy conflict criticism Event international

January 26, 2024 Wars & Conflicts

31

Palestinian Holocaust

Palestinian Holocaust The term “Palestinian Holocaust” has been used by activists and commentators to describe the cumulative impact of displacement, warfare, and territorial loss experi...

1948 1967 2024 allegations blockade bombing

January 4, 2024 Wars & Conflicts

32

Rights Group Reports Detention of Palestinian Children After Settler Confrontation in West Bank

West Bank Village Area · Ramallah · West Bank · Palestine

Rights Group Reports Detention of Palestinian Children After Settler Confrontation in West Bank An Israeli human rights organisation reported that Israeli forces detained five ...

children confrontation custody detention families gathering

February 24, 2022 Wars & Conflicts

33

Russia invades Ukraine nationwide

Kyiv · Kyiv City · Ukraine

Russia launched a large-scale military invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. Russian President Vladimir Putin announced what he called a special military operation shortly before Russ...

army artillery belarus borders conflict crimea

November 29, 1947 Wars & Conflicts

34

Nakba (Palestinian Catastrophe)

Jaffa · Tel Aviv–Jaffa · Tel Aviv District · Israel / Palestine

The Nakba refers to the mass displacement and dispossession of Palestinians that occurred between 1947 and 1949 during the collapse of the British Mandate for Palestine and the establishm...

1948 britain deiryassin displacement expulsion haganah

February 28, 1941 Politics

35

Publication of Germany Must Perish! by Theodore Kaufman

New York City · New York · United States

Publication of *Germany Must Perish!* by Theodore Kaufman On February 28, 1941, American author Theodore N. Kaufman self‑published a book titled *Germany Must Perish!* through ...

1941 alliedpolicy antisemitism argylepress book genocide

August 23, 1939 Wars & Conflicts

36

German And Soviet Governments Sign Secret Pact To Divide Eastern Europe

Kremlin · Moscow · Russia

The German–Soviet Non-Aggression Pact And Its Secret Protocols On August 23, 1939, the governments of Germany and the Soviet Union signed a non-aggression treaty in Moscow. The...

1939 baltic bessarabia deportations europe finland

Jerusalem · Jerusalem District · Israel / Palestine

37

July 1, 1939 Politics

JFK Wrote in 1939 That Palestine Was Hardly Britain's to Give Away

JFK Wrote in 1939 That Palestine Was Hardly Britain's to Give Away In July 1939, John F. Kennedy, then a 22-year-old Harvard student, visited Palestine during a trip arranged b...

1939 letter arab majority autonomy districts balfour declaration britain british mandate

Reichstag · Berlin · Germany

38

April 28, 1939 Politics

Adolf Hitler References British Rule in Palestine in Reichstag Address

Adolf Hitler References British Rule in Palestine in Reichstag Address “It appears to have slipped Mr. Roosevelt’s mind that Palestine is not being occupied by German troops, b...

1939 archives britain colonialism europe foreignpolicy

Tel Aviv · Tel Aviv District · Israel

39

October 5, 1937 Politics

David Ben-Gurion 1937 Letter Controversy

David Ben-Gurion 1937 Letter Controversy On October 5, 1937, David Ben-Gurion, then head of the Jewish Agency Executive, wrote a letter to his son Amos during the period following the Br...

1937 amos arab archives ben-gurion british

November 2, 1917 Breaking

40

Balfour Declaration

Foreign Office · London · England · United Kingdom

The Balfour Declaration was a public statement issued on November 2 1917 by the British government during World War I expressing support for the establishment of a national home for the J...

balfour britain declaration empire lloydgeorge mandate

December 31, 1913 Breaking

41

Major Global Events of 1913

1913 – Foundations of the Modern World body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #f4f4f9; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .timeline-container { max-width: 900...

1913 adl assemblyline BalkanWar cancerresearch centralbanking

January 12, 1904 Wars & Conflicts

42

Herero and Nama Genocide

Windhoek · Khomas · Namibia

Herero And Nama Genocide On January 12, 1904, members of the Herero community initiated an armed uprising against German colonial authorities in German South West Africa, present-day Nam...

1904 1905 1908 colonialism concentrationcamps detentioncamps

alexander anarchists bobruisk catholicism civil clergy

43

August 21, 1895 Breaking

Alexander Orlov's crimes in Spain

Bobruisk · Belarus

Alexander Orlov, born Lev Lazarevich Feldbin on 21 August 1895 in Bobruisk, was a Soviet NKVD officer from an Orthodox Jewish family. He later operated under several aliases, including Le...

Naples · Campania · Italy

44

January 1, 1541 Politics

Expulsion of Jews from the Kingdom of Naples

Expulsion of Jews from the Kingdom of Naples In 1540, Jewish communities in the Kingdom of Naples were expelled as the region came under the control of the Spanish crown and became subje...

1540 16th africa ancona century community

September 2, 1370 Wars & Conflicts

45

Cham Forces Sack Jiaozhi City

Jiaozhi · Hanoi · Red River Delta · Vietnam

Cham forces launched a large-scale raid against the northern Vietnamese territory of Jiaozhi, resulting in the sacking of the city and widespread destruction. The attack was part of ongoi...

cham jiaozhi

November 27, 1095 Wars & Conflicts

46

Crusades Launched To Capture And Defend Christian Territories In The Eastern Mediterranean

Origins And Objectives Of The Crusades The Crusades were a series of military campaigns initiated between 1095 and 1291, primarily aimed at capturing or defending territories i...

1095 1291 acre anatolia armies byzantine

Khazar Fortress Site · Itil (historic site) · Astrakhan Region · Russia

47

January 1, 965 Breaking

The Khazarian Empire: History, Territory, and Conversion to Judaism

The Khazarian Empire: History, Territory, and Conversion to Judaism The Khazar Empire was a Turkic polity that emerged in the mid-seventh century and became a major regional po...

blacksea byzantine caliphate caspian caucasus conversion

beliefs buddhism creatures culture demons folklore

48

January 1, 900 Politics

Tengu. Mysterious Spirits of Japanese Folklore

Japan

The Tengu are supernatural beings from Japanese mythology known for their association with mountains, forests, and spiritual power. They have been part of traditional folklore for centuri...

April 1, 645 Wars & Conflicts

49

Goguryeo Resists Chinese Invasions

Pyongyang Fortress · Pyongyang · North Korea · Korea

Goguryeo successfully repelled multiple invasions launched by the Tang dynasty of China during the 7th century. The capital fortress of Pyongyang became a critical defensive stronghold ag...

7th century ancient asia asian history battle conflict defense

June 10, 600 Wars & Conflicts

50

Rise of Pallava Dynasty in South India

Kanchipuram · Tamil Nadu · India

The Pallava dynasty emerged as a dominant power in South India during the early medieval period. Centered around the city of Kanchipuram, they established a strong political and military ...

coromandel coast culture dynasty early medieval indian dynasties indian history

July 2, 507 Wars & Conflicts

51

Frankish Campaigns in Aquitaine

Aquitaine · Bordeaux · Nouvelle-Aquitaine · France

The Frankish conquest of Aquitaine began as the Franks expanded their territory into the southwestern region of present-day France. Under the leadership of Clovis I and his successors, th...

aquitaine battle bordeaux campaign clovis conflict

May 10, 507 Wars & Conflicts

52

Frankish Victory at Vouillé

Battle of Vouillé site · Vouillé · Nouvelle-Aquitaine · France

The Battle of Vouillé was fought between the Franks under Clovis I and the Visigoths led by Alaric II. This decisive battle occurred near Vouillé, resulting in a significant Frankish vict...

507 alaric ii aquitaine battle christianity clovis i

March 15, 283 Wars & Conflicts

53

Roman Campaigns Against Parthian Persia

Battle of Ctesiphon · Ctesiphon · Khuzestan · Iran

The Roman Emperor Carus launched a military campaign against the Sasanian Empire, targeting their capital, Ctesiphon. The campaign sought to counter Persian influence in the region and as...

3rd century ancient rome ancient warfare battle carus ctesiphon

September 24, 271 Wars & Conflicts

54

Aurelian's Victory Over the Juthungi

Battle of Placentia · Piacenza · Northern Italy · Roman Empire

Roman Emperor Aurelian defeated the invading Juthungi tribe near the city of Placentia in northern Italy. This battle was a decisive moment in securing the Roman Empire's northern borders...

3rd century ancient warfare aurelian barbarian wars battle campaign

June 1, 260 Wars & Conflicts

55

Roman Invasion of Persian Territory

Persian Heartland · Shiraz · Fars Province · Iran

Roman Emperor Valerian launched a military campaign against the Sasanian Empire, aiming to assert Roman dominance over Persian territories. This campaign marks a significant conflict betw...

3rd century ancient warfare battlefield conquest defeat emperor

March 5, 232 Wars & Conflicts

56

Severus Alexander's Eastern Campaign

Ctesiphon · Mesopotamia · Iraq

Emperor Severus Alexander launched a military campaign against the Sasanian Empire to counter their expansion in Mesopotamia. The Roman forces sought to reclaim lost territory and secure ...

ancient warfare battles conflict ctsiphon east frontier eastern provinces

February 25, 122 Wars & Conflicts

57

Roman Empire Builds Northern Frontier

Hadrian's Wall · Northumberland · United Kingdom

The Roman Empire initiated the construction of Hadrian's Wall to secure its northern boundary in Britannia. This extensive fortification marked the limit of Roman-controlled territory aga...

ancient antiquity archaeology britain britannia defense

Mesopotamia Province · Mesopotamia · Iraq

58

June 2, 116 Politics

Formation of Mesopotamia Province

The province of Mesopotamia was officially established as an administrative region, marking a significant political reorganization in the area. This reconfiguration aimed at improving gov...

administration balkan wars battle empire euphrates governance

March 10, 113 Wars & Conflicts

59

Roman Invasion of Parthian Territory

Parthian Empire border · Mesopotamia · Iraq

Roman Emperor Trajan launched a military campaign into the Parthian Empire, aiming to expand Roman territory eastward. The campaign marked a major escalation of conflict between Rome and ...

ancient empires ancient mesopotamia ancient warfare border war eastern frontier eastern mediterranean

August 11, 106 Wars & Conflicts

60

Roman Annexation of Dacia

Dacia · Roman Empire

The Roman Empire completed the conquest and annexation of the kingdom of Dacia after a series of military campaigns led by Emperor Trajan. This marked the end of the Dacian Wars, culminat...

ancient conflicts ancient rome annexation balkan peninsula culture dacia

March 1, 105 Wars & Conflicts

61

Roman Campaign Against Dacian Kingdom

Dacia · Roman Empire

The Second Dacian War marks the renewed conflict between the Roman Empire and the Dacian Kingdom, led by King Decebalus. Roman Emperor Trajan launched a major military campaign aiming to ...

2nd century ancient rome barbarians classical antiquity conquest dace

March 25, 101 Wars & Conflicts

62

Roman Empire Invades Dacian Kingdom

Dacian Kingdom · Dacia · Roman Empire, Dacia

The Roman Emperor Trajan launched his first major military campaign against the Dacian Kingdom in early 101 CE. The war was initiated to subdue the powerful Dacian king Decebalus and to s...

2nd century ancient rome ancient warfare dacia dacian wars dacians

March 15, 53 Wars & Conflicts

63

Imperial Frontier Fortification Expansion

Amur Region Border Forts · Siberia · Russia

The Russian Empire intensified its fortification efforts along the Amur River frontier, aiming to secure its eastern borders against potential threats. New forts were constructed to estab...

amur river border borders colonialism command posts defense

January 1, 125 BC Breaking

64

Edomites conversion judaism

Levant · Palestine

The Edomites, also known in later sources as Idumeans, were an ancient Semitic people who lived in the region south of Judea, historically associated with the descendants of Esau in bibli...

ancient antiquity assimilation bible conversion culture

October 1, 332 BC Wars & Conflicts

65

Alexander the Great Travels Through Palestine

Ancient City of Gaza · Gaza City · Gaza Strip · Palestine

Alexander the Great Travels Through Palestine In October 332 B.C., during his campaign against the Persian Empire, Alexander III of Macedon, commonly known as Alexander the Great, passed...

332bc advance alexander army arrian campaign

R1

Vlora War

June–September 1920 — Albanian fighters challenge Italian forces occupying the Vlorë region. The conflict contributes to an agreement under which Italy withdraws from most Albanian territ...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R2

Security, Reparations, Self-Determination and Empire Collide

January–June 1919 — France prioritizes security and compensation for destruction. Britain wants Germany constrained without permanently destroying European economic stability. Wilson prom...

R3

Neolithic Farming Communities

c. 6500–5500 BCE — Farming, livestock keeping and permanent villages become established in parts of the territory of modern Albania. Communities increasingly depend on cultivated crops an...

R4

One Country — Many Historical Layers

c. 6500 BCE–2026 CE — The territory and people of modern Albania were shaped by prehistoric Balkan societies, Illyrian political formations, Rome, Byzantium, medieval Albanian principalit...

R5

Before Albania, Before Illyria

Human communities occupied the territory of modern Albania long before written history. Archaeology reveals Paleolithic activity followed by increasingly settled communities, farming, ani...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R6

East Prussian Offensive

13 January 1945 — Soviet armies launch major operations into East Prussia. German civilians flee westward amid combat, fear of Soviet forces and collapsing evacuation systems. Fighting is...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R7

German Logistics Begin Breaking Down

1 October 1941 — German supply systems struggle to sustain armies advancing hundreds of kilometers into Soviet territory. Roads deteriorate in autumn mud, rail gauges differ from German s...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R8

Germany Gains Czechoslovakia's Strategic Defenses

10 October 1938 — German occupation of the Sudetenland gives Berlin control of major Czech border fortifications and significant industrial territory. The Munich settlement therefore chan...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R9

Germany Occupies Prague

15 March 1939 — German forces occupy Prague and dismantle what remains of Czechoslovakia. The move is politically important because it extends Nazi domination over territory that cannot b...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R10

Hitler Commits Suicide

30 April 1945 — Adolf Hitler kills himself in the Führerbunker as Soviet troops fight through central Berlin. Germany has already lost control of most of its territory and its military po...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R11

Munich Agreement

30 September 1938 — Britain, France, Germany and Italy agree that Czechoslovakia must surrender the Sudetenland to Germany. Neville Chamberlain hopes satisfying Hitler's territorial claim...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R12

Mussolini Is Removed From Power

25 July 1943 — King Victor Emmanuel III dismisses Benito Mussolini after the Fascist Grand Council turns against him. Marshal Pietro Badoglio forms a new government that publicly claims I...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R13

Operation Barbarossa

22 June 1941 — Germany and its allies invade the Soviet Union along an enormous front. Hitler seeks not only military victory but ideological destruction of Soviet communism, acquisition ...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R14

Polish Committee of National Liberation Is Proclaimed

22 July 1944 — The Soviet-backed Polish Committee of National Liberation presents itself as a new governing authority for liberated Polish territory. The committee challenges the legitima...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R15

Polish Underground Launches Operation Tempest

4 January 1944 — The Polish Home Army begins implementing Operation Tempest as Soviet forces approach prewar Polish territory. Underground units attempt to fight German forces openly and ...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R16

Soviet Union Enters the War Against Japan

9 August 1945 — Soviet forces launch a massive offensive against the Japanese Kwantung Army in Manchuria. The attack follows Soviet commitments made to the Western Allies and destroys Jap...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R17

Treaty of Versailles Is Signed

28 June 1919 — Germany and the Allied powers sign the Treaty of Versailles. Germany loses territory, accepts military restrictions and becomes liable for reparations under a settlement wh...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R18

Vistula-Oder Offensive

12 January 1945 — Soviet armies launch a huge offensive from bridgeheads in Poland. German defenses collapse across much of the front. Soviet forces advance hundreds of kilometers in a ma...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R19

Vladimir Lenin

1917–1918 wartime revolutionary leadership — Lenin returns to Russia after the February Revolution and argues for transfer of power to the soviets, withdrawal from the war and socialist r...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R20

Wannsee Conference

20 January 1942 — Senior Nazi officials meet near Berlin to coordinate bureaucratic implementation of the so-called Final Solution of the Jewish Question. Mass killing is already underway...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R21

Who Profited From the War Economy?

8 February 1942 — Use the expansion of wartime production as the investigative anchor. Companies in Allied and Axis states received enormous military orders, while the Nazi economy additi...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R22

Yalta Negotiations Shape Postwar Poland

4 February 1945 — Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin debate Poland's borders and government at Yalta. The Soviet Union already occupies most Polish territory, giving Stalin overwhelming leve...