History Thread for “raw”

america board ceasefire conflict diplomacy disarmament

02

August 10, 2026 Politics

Trump Gaza framework continues

Gaza · Palestine

Officials associated with the U.S.-backed Board of Peace said on August 10, 2026, that President Donald Trump's Gaza framework remained active despite disagreement with Israeli Prime Mini...

August 9, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

03

Netanyahu rejects Gaza plan

Jerusalem · Israel

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said on August 9, 2026, that Israel would not withdraw its forces from the Gaza Strip until Hamas had been fully disarmed. His statement rejected...

america army blockade ceasefire conflict diplomacy

04

July 30, 2026 Politics

UN begins leadership selection

appointment assembly candidates charter conflict council

The United Nations Security Council held its first straw poll on July 30, 2026, to evaluate candidates seeking to become the next secretary-general. The vote marked the beginning of the C...

abuse allegations berlin bundestag charges conviction

05

April 4, 2026 Politics

Hartmut Ebbing faces abuse allegations

Berlin · Germany

Hartmut Ebbing, a former member of the German Bundestag representing the Free Democratic Party and a former treasurer of the German-Israeli Society, is facing legal proceedings in Germany...

acquisition antitrust CBS cnn coverage david

06

April 2, 2026 Politics

Media merger raises coverage questions

New York · United States

A proposed acquisition involving major United States media companies has prompted discussion about potential impacts on news coverage, including reporting on Israel. Shareholders of Warne...

Washington · United States

07

April 2, 2026 Politics

Trump announces Pam Bondi departure as attorney general

President Donald Trump announced on Thursday that Pam Bondi is no longer serving as his attorney general, ending her tenure in the role, according to official statements. Bondi, a longtim...

administration ally attorney bondi department donald

bank courts death discrimination far hanging

08

March 30, 2026 Politics

Israel Passes Law Allowing Death Penalty

Tel Aviv · Israel

On March 30, 2026, Israel’s parliament passed a law authorising the death penalty for Palestinians convicted of lethal attacks, particularly those involving the killing of Israelis. The l...

March 25, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

09

Report Examines Lack of Settler Prosecutions

Gaza · Palestine

An analysis published on March 25, 2026, reported that no Israeli citizens have been prosecuted for killing Palestinian civilians in the occupied West Bank since 2020. The findings were b...

accountability civilians conflict courts data ehudolmert

activism aid convoy crisis cuba diplomacy

10

March 24, 2026 Politics

Cuban Aid Flotilla Arrives Amid Sanctions

Cuba

A humanitarian flotilla carrying aid to Cuba arrived in Havana on March 24, 2026, as part of an international initiative aimed at delivering supplies amid U.S. sanctions and a fuel blocka...

advocacy airstrikes burqa casualties civilians comments

11

March 4, 2026 Politics

Lobbyist Comment On Iranian Schoolgirls Killed In Airstrikes Draws Scrutiny

On March 4, 2026, U.S. political lobbyist Jeff Ballabon posted comments on social media regarding reports that Iranian schoolgirls had been killed during airstrikes in Iran. Ballabon, ...

February 24, 2026 Politics

12

Iran Nears Deal to Acquire Chinese CM-302 Supersonic Missiles

Beijing · China

Iran Nears Deal to Acquire Chinese CM-302 Supersonic Missiles In February 2026, multiple international news outlets reported that Iran is close to finalizing an agreement to purchase **C...

2026 anti-ship arms capabilities china cm302

February 16, 2026 Politics

13

Randy Fine under fire for saying dogs are more civilized than Muslims

Randy Fine under fire for saying dogs are more civilized than Muslims Florida State Representative Randy Fine faced public backlash following remarks in which he reportedly stated that “...

accountability advocacy backlash censure controversy debate

February 14, 2026 Breaking

14

Trump Pardons Former Puerto Rico Governor Wanda Vázquez Garced Amid Controversy

United States District Court · San Juan · Puerto Rico · United States

On February 14, 2026, former US President Donald Trump issued a presidential pardon to Wanda Vázquez Garced, former Governor of Puerto Rico. The pardon absolves Vázquez Garced of legal pe...

2026 bribery civil clemency conflict controversy

February 14, 2026 Breaking

15

Trump Pardons Adriana Camberos Again

On February 14, 2026, former US President Donald Trump issued a presidential pardon to Adriana Camberos, marking the second time she has received clemency from Trump. Camberos’ case had p...

2026 action Camberos case civil clemency

February 12, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

16

Encroaching Shadows: Extremist Israeli Colonisers Plant Trees in Lebanon

Southern Lebanon · Tyre · South Governorate · Lebanon

On February 12, 2026, the fragile calm along southern Lebanon’s border was shattered as extremist Israeli settlers planted olive and pine trees deep inside Lebanese territory. What may se...

2026 armed presence border dispute border villages conflict controversy

February 11, 2026 Breaking

17

George H.W. Bush Mentioned in Epstein Files

Washington · District of Columbia · United States

In early 2026, the United States Department of Justice completed the release of millions of pages of materials connected to the Jeffrey Epstein investigation under the Epstein Files Trans...

2026 allegation background bush claim data

February 10, 2026 Breaking

18

Howard Lutnick Mentioned in Epstein Files

2012 administration commerce contact controversy documents

On February 10, 2026, United States Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick faced questioning before the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee after the release of documents connected to the Jeffr...

February 10, 2026 Breaking

19

OSU Professor On Leave After Tackling Documentarian

Ohio State University · Columbus · Ohio · United States

On February 10, 2026, Ohio State University placed Assistant Professor Luke M. Perez on administrative leave after a physical altercation with an independent journalist and documentarian ...

administrative assault attack cameraman campus center

February 10, 2026 Breaking

20

Israeli athletes return to Olympics after Gaza conflict amid international scrutiny

Olympic Village · Paris · Île-de-France · France

Israeli athletes return to Olympics after Gaza conflict amid international scrutiny In February 2026, Israeli athletes were welcomed to participate in the Winter Olympics follo...

2026 athletes casualties committee conflict controversy

February 9, 2026 Politics

21

Prince William Faces Growing Pressure Amid Epstein Files Scrutiny

London · England · United Kingdom

On February 9, 2026, Prince William and Princess Catherine broke their prolonged silence over revelations emerging from the U.S. Justice Department’s release of the so‑called “Epstein fil...

2026 Andrew attention Catherine charity concern

February 8, 2026 Breaking

22

Rotten Tomatoes Defends ‘Melania’ Scores Amid Fake Review Claims

2026 audience botclaims boxoffice controversy critics

On February 8, 2026, popular film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes publicly addressed widespread claims that the unusually high audience scores for the documentary “Melania” were fake or...

February 8, 2026 Breaking

23

Barry Josephson Mentioned in Epstein Files

Los Angeles · California · United States

On February 8, 2026, multiple news organisations reported that American film producer Barry Josephson’s name appears in documents released as part of the Jeffrey Epstein files, a large ca...

2026 apology barry bones correspondence documents

February 5, 2026 Politics

24

British Prime Minister apologizes to Epstein victims amid political fallout

10 Downing Street · London · England · United Kingdom

British Prime Minister apologizes to Epstein victims amid political fallout On February 5, 2026, United Kingdom Prime Minister Keir Starmer issued a public apology to victims o...

2026 ambassador apology britain doj epstein

February 5, 2026 Breaking

25

Massacre in Nigerian Kwara State After Militant Attack

Abuja · Federal Capital Territory · Nigeria

Massacre in Nigerian Kwara State After Militant Attack On February 5, 2026, Nigerian authorities and humanitarian organisations reported that at least 162 people were killed in...

africa armedgroup attacks conflict extremism guteres

February 5, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

26

Interceptions of European Satellites by Russian Spacecraft

Interceptions of European Satellites by Russian Spacecraft On February 5, 2026, European security officials reported that at least a dozen key European satellites had been intercepted b...

conflict espionage eu europe europe-defense geopolitics

February 3, 2026 Breaking

27

Israeli aircraft disperse unidentified substances over southern Lebanon

Southern Lebanon · Tyre · South Governorate · Lebanon

Israeli aircraft disperse unidentified substances over southern Lebanon Israeli aircraft disperse unidentified substances over southern Lebanon Betwe...

aggression agriculture airspace attack blueline border

February 3, 2026 Politics

28

Political Realignments and Policy Decisions in Australia

Canberra · Australian Capital Territory · Australia

Political Realignments and Policy Decisions in Australia On February 3, 2026, Australian politics saw multiple developments with potential implications for national policy and ...

2026 australia civilrights coalition diplomacy governmentreform

February 2, 2026 Breaking

29

Epstein Files: FBI Source Alleged Israel, Russia, UAE Influence on US Officials

Epstein Files: FBI Source Alleged Foreign Influence on U.S. Officials Documents released by the U.S. Department of Justice in early 2026 as part of the Jeffrey Epstein case fil...

2026 barak confidentialsource counterintelligence documents doj

February 2, 2026 Breaking

30

Proposed Jewish Settlements and Local Creation Myths

Proposed Jewish Settlements and Local Creation Myths body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #f4f4f9; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .timeline-container { ...

anthropology argentina australia britishcaribbean cosmology creation

February 1, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

31

Israel’s Occupation of Palestine: A Timeline

Jerusalem · Jerusalem District · Israel / Palestine

Israel's Occupation of Palestine: A Timeline body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #f4f4f9; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .timeline-container { max-widt...

1948 2021 accords balfour bank camp

January 30, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

32

Israel accused of using ‘skunk water’ as crowd control in Palestinian territories

West Bank · Hebron · Hebron Governorate · Palestine

Israel accused of using ‘skunk water’ as crowd control in Palestinian territories On January 30, 2026, human rights groups and Palestinian authorities accused Israel of using a...

amnesty chemical civilian collectivepunishment crime crowdcontrol

January 27, 2026 Breaking

33

Seizure of the Marinera oil tanker and transfer of its captain from Scottish waters

Scottish Waters · Aberdeen · Scotland · United Kingdom

Seizure of the Marinera Oil Tanker and Transfer of Its Captain from Scottish Waters On 7 January 2026, the United States Coast Guard and U.S. military special forces intercepte...

2026 avocatndilkalandadze bella1 captain coastguard crew

January 26, 2026 Breaking

34

Iran nationwide protests escalate with high casualties

Tehran · Tehran Province · Iran

Mass protests across Iran have continued since late December 2025 amid economic hardship and political discontent, evolving into one of the largest uprisings since the 1979 Iranian Revolu...

2026 blackout casualties crackdown deaths demonstrations

January 24, 2026 Breaking

35

Federal border agents fatally shoot Minneapolis resident

Hennepin County Medical Center Area · Minneapolis · Minnesota · United States

On January 24, 2026, United States Border Patrol agents shot and killed Alex Jeffrey Pretti, a 37-year-old intensive care nurse, on Nicollet Avenue in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The shooting...

2026 alexpretti borderpatrol civilians death enforcement

bonds economy equities europe finance global

36

January 21, 2026 Finance

Global markets react to shift in u.s. trade and foreign policy signals

Global financial markets experienced volatility as investors reacted to recent U.S. trade and foreign policy announcements, including the withdrawal of proposed tariffs on European partne...

January 21, 2026 Politics

37

Trump rules out military action on greenland at davos forum

Speaking at the World Economic Forum in Davos, U.S. President Donald Trump stated that the United States would not use military force in relation to Greenland and outlined a framework for...

alliance arctic cooperation davos denmark diplomacy

asia commodities downturn economy europe finance

38

January 20, 2026 Finance

Global Markets Slide as Tariff Threats Shake Investor Confidence

Global financial markets experienced a widespread downturn today as renewed geopolitical tensions and potential tariff impositions rattled investor confidence. Major U.S. stock indexes we...

January 19, 2026 Breaking

39

French Journalist Infiltrates Anti Israel Groups, Reveals Antisemitism on Far Left

French journalist Nora Bussigny conducted a year‑long undercover investigation within anti‑Israel and far‑left activist circles in France. Her findings are published in a new book titled ...

activism antisemitism book deceit demonstrations farleft

January 3, 2026 Wars & Conflicts

40

Palestinian girl killed by Israeli fire in Gaza despite ceasefire

Gaza City · Gaza Strip · Palestine

israeli army fire kills 2 palestinians, wounds 18 in ceasefire violations in gaza israeli army fire kills 2 palestinians, wounds 18 in ceasefire violations in gaza date: january 3, 20...

2026 agencies attacks bombardment border casualties

December 11, 2025 Wars & Conflicts

41

Israeli bulldozer incident reported in Gaza

Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor reported that an incident involving Israeli military forces and a Palestinian minor occurred in the northern Gaza Strip on December 10, 2025. According to th...

bulldozer camp civilian conflict drone euromed

October 10, 2025 Wars & Conflicts

42

Gaza Ceasefire Takes Effect After Israel Approves Deal

Gaza Strip · Gaza City · Palestine

Gaza Ceasefire Takes Effect After Israel Approves Deal On October 10, 2025, a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in the Gaza Strip officially went into effect after the Israeli governmen...

2025 agreement aid ceasefire conflict crossings

September 15, 2025 Wars & Conflicts

43

Qismah Ali Omar. Abduction and death in Darfur

Darfur · El Fasher · North Darfur · Sudan

Qismah Ali Omar. Abduction and death in Darfur Qismah Ali Omar, a 22-year-old Sudanese tea seller, was reported missing in Zalingei, Central Darfur, in early September 2025. Witnesses in...

abduction ali armed authorities body central

Harrisburg · Pennsylvania · United States

44

July 29, 2025 Breaking

Pennsylvania Registered Sex Offender Becomes Legal Parent Through Surrogacy

Brandon Keith Riley‑Mitchell, a 39‑year‑old Pennsylvania resident who is a Tier 1 registered sex offender, became a legal parent of an infant boy through a surrogacy arrangement in 2024, ...

2016 2025 adoption backgroundchecks child controversy

Washington · District of Columbia · United States

45

July 15, 2025 Politics

Trump Says He Doesn’t Understand Interest in Epstein Case

On July 15, 2025, **President Donald Trump** was questioned by reporters about ongoing public and political interest in the case of convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, whose estate of...

2025 boring case criticism discussion donald

February 1, 2025 Breaking

46

Title: Israeli Woman Accused of Concealing Mother’s Death for Payments

Israel

An Israeli woman has been arrested after police alleged she hid the death of her 93-year-old mother in order to continue receiving financial benefits. Authorities say the elderly woman, a...

arrest autopsy backyard benefits burial case

Le Bourget Airport · Paris · Île-de-France · France

47

August 24, 2024 Breaking

Telegram CEO Pavel Durov Arrested At Le Bourget Airport In France During Criminal Investigation

Pavel Durov Arrested By French Authorities Over Platform Allegations On August 24, 2024, French police arrested **Pavel Durov**, the Russian‑born co‑founder and CEO of the Tele...

abuse airport arrest bail charges child

archives audio debate demographics disclosure ehudbarak

48

January 3, 2024 Politics

Audio recording surfaces of Ehud Barak discussing immigration policy with Jeffrey Epstein

Audio recording surfaces of Ehud Barak discussing immigration policy with Jeffrey Epstein An audio recording reported to feature former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak in conversation ...

November 29, 2023 Politics

49

Kissinger Record Draws War Policy Criticism

Henry Kissinger, former United States secretary of state and national security adviser, played a central role in shaping U.S. foreign policy during the Vietnam War and other Cold War conf...

bangladesh bombing cambodia chile civilians cold

October 15, 2023 Breaking

50

Leonardo DiCaprio Faces Criticism Over Investment in Israeli Luxury Hotel Project

Academy Award-winning actor Leonardo DiCaprio faced public backlash in October 2023 after renewed attention focused on his involvement in a luxury hotel project in Israel. The development...

activism architecture backlash celebrity conflict construction

October 13, 2023 Breaking

51

Bayer links draw scrutiny

Gaza · Palestine

During the Israel–Hamas war that began in October 2023, allegations emerged regarding the use of white phosphorus munitions by Israeli forces in Gaza and southern Lebanon. Human rights or...

agriculture allegations bayer chemicals civilians conflict

bill christianity controversy conversion debate evangelism

52

March 22, 2023 Breaking

Israel Proselytizing Bill Controversy

Tel Aviv · Israel

Reports circulating online have drawn widespread attention to a legislative proposal in Israel that would place restrictions on certain forms of religious proselytizing, including the sha...

November 20, 2022 Breaking

53

Iraqi fraud money scandal

Baghdad · Iraq

In late 2022, Iraqi authorities intensified investigations into one of the country's largest alleged corruption cases, involving the disappearance of billions of dollars from tax authorit...

accountability assets baghdad cash corruption crime

February 24, 2022 Wars & Conflicts

54

Russia invades Ukraine nationwide

Kyiv · Kyiv City · Ukraine

Russia launched a large-scale military invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. Russian President Vladimir Putin announced what he called a special military operation shortly before Russ...

army artillery belarus borders conflict crimea

August 29, 2021 Wars & Conflicts

55

U.S. drone strike in Kabul that killed civilians including children

Kabul · Kabul Province · Afghanistan

U.S. Drone Strike in Kabul That Killed Civilians Including Children On 29 August 2021, a drone strike conducted by the United States Central Command in Kabul, Afghanistan, kill...

2021 afghanistan aid airport august briefing

Ottawa · Ontario · Canada

56

July 10, 2020 Breaking

Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau Faces Scrutiny Over WE Charity Controversy

On July 10, 2020, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau came under intense scrutiny regarding the federal government’s decision to award a $912 million student volunteer grant program to...

2020 accountability canada conflict controversy criticism

November 20, 2019 Breaking

57

Prince William Urged that Prince Andrew Be Barred From Royal Family After Epstein Fallout

In 2019, following the widely criticised BBC interview in which Prince Andrew addressed his relationship with convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, Prince William reportedly began pushi...

2019 2025 accountability Andrew biography concern

association background coldwar documented elite epstein

58

October 8, 2019 Breaking

Ghislaine Maxwell background draws scrutiny due to Robert Maxwell intelligence ties

Following Jeffrey Epstein’s death in August 2019, renewed attention focused on Ghislaine Maxwell, Epstein’s longtime associate, and her family background. Maxwell is the daughter of Briti...

Knesset · Jerusalem · Jerusalem District · Israel

59

March 17, 2019 Breaking

14,000 Sex Workers in Israel, 3,000 of Them Minors

A report presented in Israel in March 2019 estimated that about 14,000 people were engaged in sex work in the country, including an estimated 3,000 minors. According to the data, some ind...

2019 children crime data enforcement human_trafficking

February 1, 2017 Politics

60

Cases of Fabricated or Complicating Antisemitic Vandalism

Other Hoax Reports: Cases of Fabricated or Complicating Antisemitic Vandalism Several reported antisemitic vandalism incidents involving swastikas and hate graffiti have later ...

adl antisemitic classification community complicated coverage

Monterrey · Nuevo León · Mexico

61

August 3, 2009 Breaking

Gabriela Rico Jiménez’s Statements During 2009 Viral Incident in Monterrey

Gabriela Rico Jiménez’s Viral 2009 Incident and Disappearance On the evening of August 3, 2009, 21‑year‑old Gabriela Rico Jiménez was filmed in a distressed state outside the F...

2009 accusations archival atehumans cannibalism crowd

adl antisemitism apology artisticintent backlash breaking

62

June 25, 2009 Breaking

Unresolved controversies linger around michael jackson after they don’t care about us backlash

Michael Jackson, the “King of Pop,” died on June 25, 2009, at the age of 50 in Los Angeles, California, from acute propofol and benzodiazepine intoxication administered by his personal ph...

December 27, 2008 Breaking

63

Herman Rosenblat Holocaust memoir withdrawn after fabrication revealed

2008 admission biography bookwithdrawal buchenwald controversy

Herman Rosenblat publicly acknowledged in December 2008 that key elements of his Holocaust survival story were fabricated. Rosenblat had claimed that while imprisoned at the Schlieben sub...

January 22, 2005 Breaking

64

Donald Trump’s wedding included Jeffrey Epstein as a guest

Mar-a-Lago · Palm Beach · Florida · United States

Donald Trump’s wedding included Jeffrey Epstein as a guest Reports indicate that Jeffrey Epstein, the late financier later convicted of sex offenses, attended the wedding of Donald Trump...

2005 attendance business celebration connections criminal

November 20, 2000 Wars & Conflicts

65

Palestinian children in detention crisis

Palestine

Palestinian children are regularly arrested and detained by Israeli authorities, primarily for security-related offenses, but there is no separate prison exclusively for them. They are he...

arrest btselem children convention courts damon

October 1, 1955 Wars & Conflicts

66

Vietnam War

Saigon (Ho Chi Minh City) · Ho Chi Minh City · Ho Chi Minh Municipality · Vietnam

The Vietnam War was a prolonged armed conflict fought primarily between North Vietnam, led by the Communist Party under Ho Chi Minh, and South Vietnam, supported by the United States and ...

airpower bombing civilians cold communism conflict

December 7, 1954 Wars & Conflicts

67

The Lavon Affair

Cairo · Cairo Governorate · Egypt

What it was The Lavon Affair, also known as Operation Susannah, was a failed Israeli covert operation in Egypt in 1954, carried out by Israeli military intelligence. ...

ben-gurion bombings coldwar covert egypt espionage

Reynolds · Georgia · United States

68

June 7, 1940 Breaking

Samuel Little murder investigation

Samuel Little, born Samuel McDowell on June 7, 1940, in Reynolds, Georgia, was an American serial killer who was convicted of multiple murders and later confessed to dozens of additional ...

arkansas black California coldcases confessions conviction

Jerusalem · Jerusalem District · Israel / Palestine

69

July 1, 1939 Politics

JFK Wrote in 1939 That Palestine Was Hardly Britain's to Give Away

JFK Wrote in 1939 That Palestine Was Hardly Britain's to Give Away In July 1939, John F. Kennedy, then a 22-year-old Harvard student, visited Palestine during a trip arranged b...

1939 letter arab majority autonomy districts balfour declaration britain british mandate

July 28, 1914 Wars & Conflicts

70

World War I Begins

Sarajevo · Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bosnia and Herzegovina

World War I, also known as the Great War, began when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The conflict quickly escalated, drawin...

allies armistice austria balkan centralpowers conflict

December 31, 1913 Breaking

71

Major Global Events of 1913

1913 – Foundations of the Modern World body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #f4f4f9; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .timeline-container { max-width: 900...

1913 adl assemblyline BalkanWar cancerresearch centralbanking

abdication ancient rome caesar dalmatia diocletian emperor

72

May 1, 305 Politics

End of Roman Imperial Rule

Roman Empire

Emperor Diocletian formally abdicated the throne, marking a rare voluntary withdrawal from power by a Roman emperor. This significant event occurred as part of the Tetrarchy system he had...

May 29, 165 Wars & Conflicts

73

Roman Siege and Capture of Ctesiphon

Ctesiphon · Central Iraq · Iraq

The Roman forces under the command of Lucius Verus launched a major campaign against the Parthian Empire, culminating in the capture of their capital city, Ctesiphon. This marked a signif...

2nd century ancient capitals ancient cities ancient warfare archaeology ctesiphon

February 10, 164 Wars & Conflicts

74

Roman Withdrawal from Antonine Wall

Antonine Wall · Central Scotland · Scotland

The Antonine Wall, built by the Romans to mark the northernmost boundary of their empire in Britain, was abandoned in the mid-2nd century AD.The Romans retreated south to the more secure ...

2nd century abandonment ancient antonine wall boundaries britain

May 1, 117 Wars & Conflicts

75

Hadrian Withdraws From Eastern Territories

Eastern Provinces · Roman Empire

Following the death of Emperor Trajan, Hadrian chose to abandon the eastern conquests achieved during Trajan's campaigns. This strategic withdrawal aimed to consolidate the Roman Empire's...

ancient rome armenia client kingdoms defensive strategy eastern conquests empire borders

Golgotha · Jerusalem · Jerusalem District · Palestine

76

April 3, 33 Breaking

Crucifixion of Jesus Christ

Jesus of Nazareth was executed by crucifixion under Roman governor Pontius Pilate in Jerusalem, during the period of Roman occupation of Judea. The event is documented in the canonical Go...

calvary christianity cross crucifixion execution firstcentury

R1

Egyptian Revolution of 2011

25 January–11 February 2011 — Mass demonstrations erupt against police brutality, corruption, economic frustration and authoritarian government. Cairo's Tahrir Square becomes the symbolic...

R2

Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty

26 March 1979 — Egypt and Israel sign a formal peace treaty in Washington. Israel agrees to withdraw from Sinai, which is gradually returned to Egyptian control. Egypt becomes temporarily...

R3

Albania Leaves the Warsaw Pact

13 September 1968 — Albania formally withdraws from the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact following the invasion of Czechoslovakia. The withdrawal confirms Albania's political rupture with Moscow.

R4

United Arab Republic

1958–1961 — Egypt and Syria unite as the United Arab Republic under Nasser. The union represents the high point of pan-Arab political enthusiasm. Syrian dissatisfaction with centralized E...

R5

The Suez Crisis

26 July–7 November 1956 — Nasser nationalizes the Suez Canal Company after Western governments withdraw support for the Aswan High Dam. Britain, France and Israel secretly coordinate a mi...

R6

Communists Take Control

29 November 1944 — German forces have withdrawn and the communist-led National Liberation Movement controls the country. Rival political organizations are rapidly excluded from power.

R7

Vlora War

June–September 1920 — Albanian fighters challenge Italian forces occupying the Vlorë region. The conflict contributes to an agreement under which Italy withdraws from most Albanian territ...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R8

Germany Faces a Closing Window for Victory

January–March 1918 — Russia's withdrawal gives Germany a temporary manpower advantage in the west, but American troops are arriving rapidly. Hindenburg and Ludendorff conclude that German...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R9

First Battle of the Marne

6 September 1914 — French and British forces begin the counteroffensive known as the First Battle of the Marne. The German advance toward Paris is halted and German armies withdraw toward...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R10

Royal Navy and Admiralty

1914–1919 wartime role — Britain's navy protects imperial shipping routes, contains the German High Seas Fleet and implements the maritime blockade of the Central Powers. Its strategic va...

R11

League of Prizren

10 June 1878 — Albanian political and religious leaders gather in Prizren as the Ottoman Empire faces defeat and territorial losses following the Russo-Turkish War. They fear that territo...

R12

Assyria Invades Egypt

671 BCE — Assyrian king Esarhaddon invades Egypt and captures Memphis. Further campaigns follow as Assyria struggles against Kushite attempts to regain authority. Egypt becomes drawn into...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R13

American Submarines Strangle Japanese Shipping

1 January 1944 — By 1944 American submarines are destroying Japanese merchant shipping at a rate Japan cannot replace. Oil, food, raw materials and military supplies become increasingly d...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R14

Battle of Stalingrad Begins

23 August 1942 — German forces begin the major assault phase against Stalingrad while the wider German campaign pushes toward oil resources in the Caucasus. Fighting inside the city becom...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R15

Battle of the Dnieper

24 August 1943 — Soviet armies begin a massive offensive toward the Dnieper River. German forces withdraw while attempting to create defensive positions along the river. Soviet troops est...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R16

Britain and France Declare War

3 September 1939 — Britain and France declare war on Germany after Hitler refuses demands to withdraw from Poland. Governments that spent much of the 1930s attempting to prevent another c...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R17

Germany Invades Poland

1 September 1939 — German forces invade Poland from the west, north and south, beginning the European phase of the Second World War. The attack follows months of escalating German pressur...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R18

Germany Leaves the League of Nations

14 October 1933 — Hitler announces Germany's withdrawal from the League of Nations and the World Disarmament Conference. The move rejects an important part of the diplomatic framework est...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R19

Hitler Refuses Withdrawal From Stalingrad

24 November 1942 — Hitler orders the Sixth Army to remain inside the Stalingrad pocket rather than attempt an immediate breakout. He expects outside relief and air supply to sustain the f...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R20

Lend-Lease Becomes Law

11 March 1941 — Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act, allowing the United States to supply countries considered vital to American security. Britain becomes an early major recipient, followe...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R21

Soviet Leadership Reframes the Conflict as a Patriotic War

3 July 1941 — Stalin addresses the Soviet population and invokes defense of the motherland as well as socialist ideology. Soviet propaganda increasingly draws upon Russian history, patrio...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R22

Vladimir Lenin

1917–1918 wartime revolutionary leadership — Lenin returns to Russia after the February Revolution and argues for transfer of power to the soviets, withdrawal from the war and socialist r...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R23

Who Was Responsible for the Stalingrad Disaster?

2 February 1943 — Investigate Hitler's refusal to withdraw, Paulus's obedience, overextended German logistics, the weakness of Axis flanks, Soviet planning, intelligence and the failed ai...