november

New York City · New York · United States

02

July 30, 2026 Politics

UN begins leadership selection

The United Nations Security Council held its first straw poll on July 30, 2026, to evaluate candidates seeking to become the next secretary-general. The vote marked the beginning of the C...

appointment assembly candidates charter conflict council

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03

April 4, 2026 Breaking

French artist seeks war crimes probe on IDF strike

Paris · France

French-Lebanese artist Ali Cherri filed a complaint in France on April 3, 2026, requesting a war crimes investigation into an Israeli strike on an apartment building in Beirut in November...

February 10, 2026 Breaking

04

Squatty Potty creator faces child pornography charges in Utah

Salt Lake City · Utah · United States

Squatty Potty creator faces child pornography charges in Utah On February 10, 2026, a federal grand jury in Utah indicted Robert "Bobby" Edwards, co-creator of the toilet...

2026 arrest bobby charges child cofounder

February 10, 2026 Breaking

05

Sam Bankman‑Fried Files Motion for New Trial in FTX Fraud Case

Manhattan Federal Court · New York City · New York · United States

On February 10, 2026, former cryptocurrency executive Sam Bankman‑Fried filed a legal motion seeking a new trial in his long‑running fraud case tied to the collapse of the cryptocurrency ...

2026 appeal bankmanfried bankruptcy conviction court

February 6, 2026 Breaking

06

Elon Musk Emails Jeffrey Epstein About Visiting Private Island

New York City · New York · United States

Elon Musk Emails Jeffrey Epstein About Visiting Private Island In publicly released emails from November 2012, Elon Musk corresponded with Jeffrey Epstein regarding a potential visit to ...

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February 5, 2026 Breaking

07

Italy probes alleged “sniper tourism” in 1990s Bosnia

Rome · Lazio · Italy

On February 5, 2026, Italian prosecutors in Milan confirmed they are investigating allegations that some individuals paid to shoot at civilians in Sarajevo during the siege of the Bosnian...

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February 2, 2026 Breaking

08

French Judges Issue Arrest Warrants for French-Israeli Activists Over Complicity in Genocide

Paris Court of Appeal · Paris · Île-de-France · France

French Judges Issue Arrest Warrants for French-Israeli Activists Over Complicity in Genocide French investigating judges in Paris have issued warrants for two French-Israeli na...

2025 2026 activists arrest blockades complicity

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09

January 25, 2026 Finance

David gentile clemency ends restitution in $1.6 billion investor fraud scheme

Former private equity executive David Gentile will no longer be required to pay $15.5 million in restitution after President Donald Trump commuted his sentence in late November 2025. Gent...

January 24, 2026 Politics

10

Federal judge rules lawmakers can sue to enforce Epstein files transparency

Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse · New York City · New York · United States

On January 24, 2026, a U.S. federal judge in New York ruled that congressional cosponsors of the Epstein Files Transparency Act may file a lawsuit to seek a court-appointed observer to en...

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January 12, 2026 Breaking

11

Felon freed by trump sentenced again after new offenses

On November 12, 2025, a federal judge in Brooklyn sentenced Jonathan Braun to **27 months in prison** after he committed several offenses following a previous sentence commutation by form...

2025 assault brooklyn clemency commutation crime

December 1, 2025 Breaking

12

Juan Orlando Hernández Pardon

Federal Courthouse Manhattan · New York City · New York · United States

Juan Orlando Hernández, the former president of Honduras, was granted a full and complete presidential pardon by U.S. President Donald Trump on December 1, 2025. Hernández had been servin...

2025 appeal cocaine conviction drugtrafficking extradition

November 28, 2025 Breaking

13

Israel’s actions against ICC officials exposed after years of surveillance and cyber

The Hague · South Holland · Netherlands

Israel’s actions against ICC officials exposed after years of surveillance and cyber operations On November 28, 2025, reports revealed that Israel conducted a sustained campaig...

accountability conflict courts cyber diplomacy hacking

November 25, 2025 Politics

14

Marjorie Taylor Greene Announces Resignation After Public Split With Trump

On November 21, 2025, Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene, a Republican congresswoman from Georgia known for her outspoken views, announced she will resign from the U.S. House of Repres...

2025 capitol conflict controversy disclosure endorsement

November 20, 2025 Breaking

15

Mordechai Yom Tov arrest

Jerusalem

Israeli police arrested Mordechai Yom Tov in Jerusalem on November 20, 2025, after authorities located him more than two decades after he fled the United States while on probation followi...

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November 14, 2025 Politics

16

Trump Pardons Nursing Home Executive Schwartz

On November 14, 2025, President Donald Trump granted a full and unconditional pardon to Joseph Schwartz, a former nursing home executive who had been convicted in April 2025 of federal ta...

clemency collapse conviction employees federal fraud

November 11, 2025 Politics

17

Trump urges political focus shift after Epstein files release discussion

Washington · District of Columbia · United States

Trump urges political focus shift after Epstein files release discussion On November 17, 2025, President Donald Trump publicly supported a U.S. House of Representatives vote to...

2025 congressionalaction costofliving department epstein files

November 10, 2025 Breaking

18

Syrian transitional President Ahmad al‑Sharaa makes historic White House visit

White House · Washington · District of Columbia · United States

Syrian transitional President Ahmad al‑Sharaa makes historic White House visit Syrian transitional President Ahmad al‑Sharaa visited the White House in Washington, D.C. on November 10, 2...

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November 2, 2025 Breaking

19

Public debate over Israeli soldiers accused of prisoner abuse

On November 2, 2025, after the leaked video of alleged abuse of a Palestinian detainee by Israeli soldiers at the Sde Teiman military detention facility was widely circulated, there were ...

2025 abuse accountability arrest conflict defense

September 30, 2025 Breaking

20

Dovid Akiva Shenkman case

Chicago · Illinois · United States

Dovid Akiva Shenkman, a former Chicago resident, pleaded guilty to federal charges involving possession and transportation of child pornography and was sentenced in September 2025 to near...

akiva arrest border canada chicago child

September 21, 2025 Breaking

21

Recognition of Palestine as a sovereign state

United Nations General Assembly Hall · New York City · New York · United States

Recognition of Palestine as a Sovereign State The State of Palestine was proclaimed by the Palestine Liberation Organization on 15 November 1988. The State of Palestine is reco...

2025 australia bilateral canada council countries

Washington · District of Columbia · United States

22

July 10, 2025 Politics

US warns ICC member states against proceedings targeting Israel

US warns ICC member states against proceedings targeting Israel On July 10, 2025, the United States government issued warnings to member states of the International Criminal Court (ICC),...

2025 arrest ceasefire conflict court crimes

November 30, 2024 Wars & Conflicts

23

Palestinian killed by smoke canister in Beit Lahia

Beit Lahia · Gaza Strip · Palestine

Palestinian Killed by Smoke Canister in Beit Lahia On 30 November 2024, a Palestinian man in the northern Gaza town of Beit Lahia was reported killed after being struck by a sm...

2024 beitlahia canister casualties casualty civilian

November 21, 2024 Wars & Conflicts

24

Netanyahu declared an ICC war crimes suspect

International Criminal Court · The Hague · South Holland · Netherlands

Netanyahu declared an ICC war crimes suspect On November 21, 2024, the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague issued an arrest warrant for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netany...

2024 accountability arrest charges civilian conflict

November 21, 2024 Breaking

25

International Criminal Court Arrest Warrants for Israeli Leaders

International Criminal Court · The Hague · South Holland · Netherlands

International Criminal Court Arrest Warrants for Israeli Leaders On 21 November 2024, the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister B...

2024 arrest benjamin civilians court crimes

November 18, 2024 Breaking

26

Ayman Odeh Calls Netanyahu A Serial Killer Of Peace And Is Removed From Knesset Podium

Knesset · Jerusalem · Jerusalem District · Israel

Ayman Odeh Calls Netanyahu A Serial Killer Of Peace In Knesset Speech On November 18, 2024, Ayman Odeh, a member of the Israeli Knesset and leader of the Hadash‑Ta’al party, addr...

18 2024 ayman civilians conflict gaza

Daniel Patrick Moynihan United States Courthouse · New York City · New York · United States

27

March 6, 2024 Finance

FTX founder Samuel Bankman-Fried sentenced for fraud

Samuel Bankman-Fried, founder and former CEO of the cryptocurrency exchange FTX and trading firm Alameda Research, was convicted in federal court in November 2023 on multiple counts of fr...

alameda bankers bankman-fried barbara civil conspiracy

January 16, 2024 Breaking

28

Christie alleges Kushner role in firing

On January 16, 2024, former New Jersey governor Chris Christie stated in interviews and campaign remarks that Jared Kushner played a role in his removal from a federal transition position...

administration adviser campaign campaignfinance charles christie

November 27, 2021 Politics

29

TDSB blocks Nadia Murad school event

Toronto · Ontario · Canada

In late November 2021, the Toronto District School Board (TDSB) superintendent Helen Fisher informed the organizer of a book club event that students would not be permitted to participate...

2021 board book bookclub canada censorship

November 12, 2020 Breaking

30

Palantir expands influence under Trump administration

Denver · Colorado · United States

Palantir expands influence under Trump administration On November 12, 2020, reports indicated that Palantir Technologies, a data analytics and software company, significantly i...

analytics asia civilrights contracts data defense

Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse · New York City · New York · United States

31

July 2, 2020 Breaking

Arrest and Conviction of Ghislaine Maxwell

Ghislaine Maxwell, a British socialite and former associate of Jeffrey Epstein, was arrested on July 2, 2020, by the FBI in Bradford, New Hampshire, for her role in recruiting and groomin...

abuse arrest conviction court doj elite

November 21, 2019 Politics

32

Benjamin Netanyahu Accusations And Corruption Trial

Jerusalem District Court · Jerusalem · Jerusalem District · Israel

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has been the subject of several high‑profile legal accusations and an ongoing corruption trial. In November 2019, he was indicted on charges of b...

2019 allegations benjamin bribery case1000 case2000

November 7, 2019 Politics

33

Winnipeg Kosher Café Hoax: Fabricated Hate Crime

Winnipeg · Manitoba · Canada

Winnipeg Kosher Café Hoax: Fabricated Hate Crimes in 2019 In October and November 2019, several incidents were reported at The Leafy Greens Café, a kosher vegan restaurant in W...

2019 antisemitic attention cafe canada charged

November 23, 2018 Breaking

34

European Jewish Congress recommendation on contextual notes in Bible and Qur’an

European Jewish Congress Recommendation on Contextual Notes in Bible and Qur’an On 23 November 2018, the European Jewish Congress (EJC) presented a document titled “An End to A...

2018 academic antisemitism bible catalogue christianity

November 8, 2018 Breaking

35

Camp Fire Sparks Online Conspiracy Theories After Destructive 2018 California Wildfire

Paradise · California · United States

The Camp Fire ignited on November 8, 2018, in Butte County, California, and rapidly spread through the town of Paradise. The wildfire became the deadliest and most destructive in Californ...

2018 buttecounty California campfire climate conspiracy

January 20, 2017 Politics

36

Mike Huckabee met with Jonathan Pollard, after Pollard’s release from prison in 2015

New York City · New York · United States

Mike huckabee meets with Jonathan pollard On January 20, 2017, former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee met with Jonathan Pollard in New York following Pollard’s release from federal priso...

1987 2015 2017 2020 arkansas classified

November 26, 2013 Politics

37

Israeli producer confirms spy role in past

Rehovot · Israel

Hollywood producer Arnon Milchan publicly acknowledged that he spent years working for Israeli intelligence in a capacity that included acquiring military equipment and technology for his...

arms arnon biography club confidential dealing

November 8, 2013 Breaking

38

Rabbi Samuel Waldman Brooklyn arrest US

Brooklyn · New York · USA

Samuel Waldman is an individual who served as a rabbi and teacher at a girls’ seminary in Brooklyn, New York, United States. He was associated with religious educational roles within a co...

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39

June 3, 2012 Breaking

Noel Ignatiev: author, historian, and critic of whiteness

Noel Ignatiev: author, historian, and critic of whiteness Noel Ignatiev: author, historian, and critic of whiteness Noel Ignatiev (/ɪɡˈnætiɛv/; born ...

Itan Wali · Punjab · Pakistan

40

June 14, 2009 Breaking

Asia Bibi blasphemy case

Asia Bibi, also known as Aasiya Noreen, is a Pakistani Christian woman whose prosecution under Pakistan's blasphemy laws became an internationally recognized legal and religious controver...

acquittal arrest asia asylum bibi blasphemy

November 13, 1998 Politics

41

Bill Clinton settles Paula Jones sexual harassment lawsuit.

Washington Federal Court · Washington · District of Columbia · United States

On November 13, 1998, U.S. President Bill Clinton reached an out-of-court settlement in a civil sexual harassment lawsuit filed by Paula Jones. Paula Jones, a former Arkansas state emp...

1998 allegations arkansas bill clinton court

October 23, 1991 Politics

42

Robert Maxwell and Mirror Group sue Seymour Hersh for libel

London High Court · London · England · United Kingdom

Robert Maxwell and Mirror Group sue Seymour Hersh for libel In October 1991, media proprietor Robert Maxwell and his company Mirror Group Newspapers initiated libel proce...

1991 conviction davies faber ghislaine group

November 9, 1989 Breaking

43

Fall of the Berlin Wall

Brandenburg Gate · Berlin · Germany

The Fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989, marked a pivotal moment in world history, symbolizing the collapse of the Cold War division between East and West Germany. The Berlin Wall...

1989 berlin berlinwall coldwar communism democracy

Atlanta · Georgia · United States

44

July 21, 1979 Breaking

Wayne Williams Atlanta murders

Wayne Bertram Williams is an American convicted murderer whose 1982 convictions became a central part of the investigation into a series of killings known as the Atlanta Child Murders. Be...

atlanta black chattahoochee children conviction crime

November 10, 1975 Breaking

45

United Nations Passes Resolution 3379 Equating Zionism With Racism

United Nations Headquarters · New York City · New York · United States

UN Resolution 3379 On Zionism And Racism On November 10, 1975, the United Nations General Assembly adopted **Resolution 3379**, titled "Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discr...

1975 1991 3379 arab coldwar condemnation

Watergate Complex · Washington · District of Columbia · United States

46

June 17, 1972 Politics

The Watergate Affair: Timeline, Operatives, And Unresolved Questions

The Watergate Affair: Timeline, Operatives, And Unresolved Questions On June 17, 1972, five men were arrested inside the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate compl...

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March 16, 1968 Wars & Conflicts

47

My Lai Massacre

My Lai · Sơn Mỹ · Quảng Ngãi · Vietnam

On March 16, 1968, U.S. Army soldiers from Charlie Company, 1st Battalion, 20th Infantry Regiment, 11th Brigade, Americal Division, carried out a mass killing of Vietnamese civilians in t...

accountability americal army atrocity calley civilians

November 8, 1965 Breaking

48

Journalist Dorothy Kilgallen interviewed Jack Ruby before mysterious death

Dallas · Texas · United States

Journalist Dorothy Kilgallen became one of the few reporters to directly question Jack Ruby during his 1964 trial for the killing of Lee Harvey Oswald. Kilgallen, a well known investigati...

assassination barbiturates commission conspiracy court crime

November 24, 1963 Breaking

49

Jack Ruby Shoots Lee Harvey Oswald

Dallas Police Headquarters · Dallas · Texas · United States

On November 24, 1963, Jack Ruby, a Jewish-American nightclub owner in Dallas, Texas, shot and killed Lee Harvey Oswald, the accused assassin of U.S. President John F. Kennedy. The shootin...

1963 assassination basement broadcast custody dallas

November 22, 1963 Breaking

50

Assassination of John F. Kennedy

Dealey Plaza · Dallas · Texas · United States

The assassination of John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, occurred on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas. Kennedy was fatally shot while riding in a motorcade throug...

1963 archive assassination autopsy bayofpigs cia

November 29, 1947 Wars & Conflicts

51

Nakba (Palestinian Catastrophe)

Jaffa · Tel Aviv–Jaffa · Tel Aviv District · Israel / Palestine

The Nakba refers to the mass displacement and dispossession of Palestinians that occurred between 1947 and 1949 during the collapse of the British Mandate for Palestine and the establishm...

1948 britain deiryassin displacement expulsion haganah

activism assassinated community israel jdl jews

52

August 4, 1932 Breaking

Meir Kahane: Rabbi, Activist, and Political Founder

Meir David Kahane (August 4, 1932 – November 5, 1990) was an American-born Orthodox rabbi and political activist. He founded the Jewish Defense League (JDL) in 1968 to advocate for Jewish...

November 25, 1924 Breaking

53

Charlie Chaplin and Lita Grey

Empalme · Sonora · Mexico

Charlie Chaplin married actress Lita Grey on November 25, 1924, in Empalme, Sonora, Mexico. Chaplin was 35 years old and Grey was 16. Their marriage followed a relationship that had devel...

1924 1927 actress allegations chaplin charlie

November 11, 1918 Wars & Conflicts

54

World War I Ends

Compiègne Forest Armistice Site · Compiègne · Hauts-de-France · France

The armistice of November 11, 1918, marked the end of World War I. Germany agreed to cease hostilities with the Allies, bringing four years of devastating conflict to a close. This day is...

aftermath allies armistice ceasefire conflict end

January 23, 1918 Breaking

55

Charlie Chaplin and Mildred Harris

Los Angeles · California · United States

Charlie Chaplin married actress Mildred Harris on October 23, 1918, in Los Angeles. Chaplin was 29 years old and Harris was 16. Harris was already working as a film actress when the relat...

1918 1919 1920 actress agegap allegations

November 2, 1917 Breaking

56

Balfour Declaration

Foreign Office · London · England · United Kingdom

The Balfour Declaration was a public statement issued on November 2 1917 by the British government during World War I expressing support for the establishment of a national home for the J...

balfour britain declaration empire lloydgeorge mandate

June 23, 1915 Wars & Conflicts

57

Series of Battles on the Isonzo River

Isonzo River · Gorizia · Friuli Venezia Giulia · Italy

The Battles of the Isonzo were a series of twelve military engagements between the Kingdom of Italy and Austria-Hungary during World War I. They took place along the Isonzo River, on the ...

1915 austro-hungary battle caporetto casualties defense

London · England · United Kingdom

58

July 18, 1290 Breaking

Expulsion of Jews from England

Expulsion of Jews from England On July 18, 1290, King Edward I issued the Edict of Expulsion, ordering all Jews to leave the Kingdom of England. The decree affected Jewish communities ac...

1290 1656 communities conquest cromwell crown

November 27, 1095 Wars & Conflicts

59

Crusades Launched To Capture And Defend Christian Territories In The Eastern Mediterranean

Origins And Objectives Of The Crusades The Crusades were a series of military campaigns initiated between 1095 and 1291, primarily aimed at capturing or defending territories i...

1095 1291 acre anatolia armies byzantine

November 4, 881 Wars & Conflicts

60

Destruction of Chang’an City

Chang’an City · Chang’an · Shaanxi · China

Chang’an, the capital of the Tang dynasty, was violently sacked by rebel forces led by Huang Chao. The siege resulted in widespread destruction and the collapse of central Tang authority ...

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November 27, 511 Politics

61

Passing of Frankish King Clovis

Abbey of Saint Genevieve · Paris · Île-de-France · France

Clovis I, the first King of the Franks to unite all Frankish tribes under one ruler, died on November 27. His death marked a significant transition in early medieval European history.He w...

battle christianity clovis culture dynasty early medieval

R1

All EU Negotiating Clusters Open

17 November 2025 — Albania opens the final accession negotiating cluster, bringing all negotiating chapters into the accession process.

R2

New Constitution

28 November 1998 — Albania adopts a new constitution after the instability of the early post-communist period. It establishes the fundamental institutional framework of the modern parliam...

Published Research Kissinger investigation

R3

NSDM 314

National Security Decision Memorandum 314 concerned U.S. population policy following the NSSM 200 study. President Gerald Ford approved the associated policy decision in November 1975.

R4

The Suez Crisis

26 July–7 November 1956 — Nasser nationalizes the Suez Canal Company after Western governments withdraw support for the Aswan High Dam. Britain, France and Israel secretly coordinate a mi...

R5

Communists Take Control

29 November 1944 — German forces have withdrawn and the communist-led National Liberation Movement controls the country. Rival political organizations are rapidly excluded from power.

R6

Albanian Communist Party Founded

8 November 1941 — Several Albanian communist groups unite to establish the Communist Party of Albania. Enver Hoxha soon becomes its dominant political figure.

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R7

German Revolution Begins

3 November 1918 — Sailors at Kiel revolt after naval leaders attempt to send the fleet into a final battle. The mutiny spreads into a wider revolutionary movement as workers' and soldiers...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R8

Military Defeat and Domestic Crisis Converge

August–November 1918 — Germany and its allies face military retreat, shortages, exhaustion and growing political instability. Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary leave the wa...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R9

Allies Refine Combined-Arms Warfare

July–November 1918 — Allied forces increasingly coordinate artillery, infantry, tanks, aircraft, communications and logistics. Strategic coordination also improves under Ferdinand Foch. T...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R10

The Bolsheviks Choose Revolution Over Continued War

November 1917–March 1918 — Lenin argues that the revolutionary government cannot survive while Russia remains in the war. Other Bolsheviks object to Germany's extreme peace terms. Renewed...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R11

American Industry and Manpower Mobilize

6 April 1917–11 November 1918 — The United States begins converting its enormous economy and population into military power. Millions of men enter the draft system while shipping, finance...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R12

U-Boats Attack Britain's Atlantic Lifeline

1 February 1917–11 November 1918 — German submarines attack merchant shipping in an attempt to reduce British imports below sustainable levels. Early shipping losses are extremely serious...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R13

The Western Front Hardens Into Trenches

September–November 1914 — After the Marne, both sides repeatedly attempt to turn the other's flank. The maneuvering eventually reaches the North Sea and creates a largely continuous forti...

R14

Albania Declares Independence

28 November 1912 — Delegates meeting at Vlorë proclaim Albania independent from the Ottoman Empire during the First Balkan War. Ismail Qemali leads the provisional government. Independenc...

R15

Congress of Manastir

14–22 November 1908 — Albanian intellectuals and representatives gather at Manastir, modern Bitola, to address competing Albanian alphabets. The congress favors a Latin-based writing syst...

R16

Suez Canal Opens

17 November 1869 — The Suez Canal officially opens, connecting the Mediterranean and Red Seas without requiring ships to sail around Africa. The canal transforms global shipping and makes...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R17

Aleksandr Vasilevsky

19 November 1942 — Vasilevsky plays a central role in Soviet strategic planning for Operation Uranus and later major offensives. His work illustrates the increasingly professional collabo...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R18

Anti-Comintern Pact

25 November 1936 — Germany and Japan sign an agreement publicly directed against the Communist International. Italy joins the following year. The pact reflects growing ideological alignme...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R19

Armistice Ends the Fighting

11 November 1918 — German representatives sign the armistice at Compiègne. Fighting ends on the Western Front at 11:00 a.m. Germany accepts evacuation requirements and surrender of substa...

R20

Athens Polytechnic Uprising

November 1973 — Student resistance becomes a major symbol of opposition to the dictatorship.

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R21

Battle of Stalingrad Begins

23 August 1942 — German forces begin the major assault phase against Stalingrad while the wider German campaign pushes toward oil resources in the Caucasus. Fighting inside the city becom...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R22

Beer Hall Putsch

8 November 1923 — Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party attempt to seize power in Bavaria and march on Berlin. The putsch collapses after police confront the conspirators in Munich. Hitler is a...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R23

Bolsheviks Seize Power

7 November 1917 — Bolshevik forces overthrow Russia's Provisional Government in Petrograd. Vladimir Lenin's movement has promised peace, land and political transfer to the soviets. Ending...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R24

Collective Security Fails in the Ethiopian Crisis

18 November 1935 — League of Nations sanctions against Italy enter into force after Mussolini's invasion of Ethiopia. The measures exclude crucial materials such as oil and do not close t...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R25

Erich von Manstein

24 November 1942 — Manstein receives command of Army Group Don during the Stalingrad crisis. He attempts to organize relief of the Sixth Army and later conducts the successful counteroffe...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R26

Ferdinand Foch

March–November 1918 as Allied supreme commander — French General Ferdinand Foch receives increasingly broad authority to coordinate Allied armies during Germany's final offensives. He hel...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R27

German Hyperinflation Peaks

15 November 1923 — Germany introduces the Rentenmark during the final phase of the hyperinflation crisis. Years of wartime debt, fiscal instability, reparations pressures and the Ruhr con...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R28

Hitler Refuses Withdrawal From Stalingrad

24 November 1942 — Hitler orders the Sixth Army to remain inside the Stalingrad pocket rather than attempt an immediate breakout. He expects outside relief and air supply to sustain the f...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R29

Hossbach Conference

5 November 1937 — Hitler meets senior military and foreign-policy leaders and discusses Germany's need for territorial expansion. The surviving memorandum records Austria and Czechoslovak...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R30

Hossbach Memorandum

5 November 1937 — Adolf Hitler addresses senior military and foreign-policy leaders and discusses Germany's need for territorial expansion. The surviving memorandum records Hitler present...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R31

Kristallnacht

9 November 1938 — Nazi-organized violence erupts against Jews throughout Germany and Austria. Synagogues are burned, businesses destroyed, people murdered and tens of thousands of Jewish ...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R32

Kyiv Is Retaken by the Red Army

6 November 1943 — Soviet forces recapture Kyiv from German occupation. The victory is strategically and symbolically important and accelerates the German retreat across Ukraine. The city ...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R33

Luftwaffe Attempts to Supply Stalingrad by Air

24 November 1942 — Hitler commits to holding Stalingrad while the Luftwaffe attempts to supply the encircled Sixth Army. Required daily tonnage far exceeds what can reliably be delivered ...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R34

Operation Torch

8 November 1942 — American and British forces land in French North Africa. The operation brings large American ground forces into combat against the European Axis and creates pressure on ...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R35

Operation Uranus

19 November 1942 — Soviet armies attack Romanian and other Axis forces protecting the German flanks at Stalingrad. The offensive rapidly breaks through and Soviet spearheads meet west of ...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R36

Operation Uranus Encircles the German Sixth Army

19 November 1942 — Soviet forces attack Axis armies guarding the flanks of the German position at Stalingrad. The offensive breaks through Romanian sectors and rapidly converges west of t...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R37

Red Army Rebuilds Large-Scale Operational Warfare

19 November 1942 — Operation Uranus demonstrates a more mature Soviet ability to coordinate deception, artillery, armor and multiple fronts. The Red Army increasingly learns how to break ...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R38

Soviet Reserves Reinforce Moscow

1 November 1941 — Soviet formations from eastern regions increasingly reinforce the Moscow front after intelligence reduces fears of an immediate Japanese attack from Manchuria. These tro...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R39

Tehran Conference

28 November 1943 — Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin meet together for the first time. Stalin presses strongly for a second front in Western Europe, and the Western Allies confirm plans for...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R40

Tehran Conference

28 November 1943 — Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill meet together for the first time. Stalin presses for a Western invasion of France while the Soviet Union continues carrying the main lan...

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

R41

Untitled

Untitled5 November 1937 — During the Hossbach meeting, Hitler presents territorial expansion as necessary for Germany's strategic future. Austria and Czechoslovakia are discussed as poten...