History Thread for “empires”

01

Ottoman expansion and conquest

Constantinople · Ottoman Empire (present-day Istanbul, Turkey) · Greece

The Ottoman Empire expanded from a small Anatolian principality into one of the largest empires in history. Between the fourteenth and early twentieth centuries, Ottoman forces conquered ...

administration albania anatolia balkans captives christianity

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02

January 1, 965 Breaking

The Khazarian Empire: History, Territory, and Conversion to Judaism

Khazar Fortress Site · Itil (historic site) · Astrakhan Region · Russia

The Khazarian Empire: History, Territory, and Conversion to Judaism The Khazar Empire was a Turkic polity that emerged in the mid-seventh century and became a major regional po...

blacksea byzantine caliphate caspian caucasus conversion

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03

June 26, 260 Wars & Conflicts

Roman Emperor Valerian Captured

Battle of Edessa · Shiraz · Fars Province · Iran

Roman Emperor Valerian was captured by the Sasanian Persian ruler Shapur I during the Battle of Edessa, a significant conflict between the Roman and Sasanian empires. This event marked th...

3rd century ancient wars battle of edessa despotism emperor capture fars province

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04

October 25, 253 Politics

Roman Empire Emperorship Transition

Imperial Palace · Rome · Italy · Roman Empire

Valerian was proclaimed Roman Emperor following the death of his predecessor Aemilianus. His accession marked a significant change in leadership during a period fraught with external thre...

accession aemilianus ancient politics ancient rome barbarian invasions crisis of the third century

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05

December 30, 224 Wars & Conflicts

Fall of Parthian Dominion

Susa · Khuzestan Province · Iran

The fall of the Parthian Empire marked the rise of the Sasanian dynasty in ancient Persia. The decisive defeat of the last Parthian king by Ardashir I ended nearly five centuries of Arsac...

ancient empires ancient persia ancient warfare ardashir i arsacid arsacid dynasty

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06

March 1, 198 Politics

Roman Reorganization of Mesopotamia Province

Province of Mesopotamia · Mesopotamia · Iraq

The Roman Empire undertook administrative changes in the province of Mesopotamia following its establishment as a distinct entity. These reforms aimed to consolidate control over the regi...

administration ancient ancient empires borders civil administration eastern policy

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07

February 28, 197 Wars & Conflicts

Roman Severan Campaign Into Parthia

Parthian Empire Frontier · Ctesiphon · Mesopotamia · Iraq

The Severan campaign into Parthia marked a major Roman military effort in the East following the rise of Emperor Septimius Severus. The campaign began with a series of coordinated attacks...

2nd century ancient mesopotamia ancient warfare conflicts ctesiphon eastern frontier

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08

May 29, 165 Wars & Conflicts

Roman Siege and Capture of Ctesiphon

Ctesiphon · Central Iraq · Iraq

The Roman forces under the command of Lucius Verus launched a major campaign against the Parthian Empire, culminating in the capture of their capital city, Ctesiphon. This marked a signif...

2nd century ancient capitals ancient cities ancient warfare archaeology ctesiphon

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09

March 10, 113 Wars & Conflicts

Roman Invasion of Parthian Territory

Parthian Empire border · Mesopotamia · Iraq

Roman Emperor Trajan launched a military campaign into the Parthian Empire, aiming to expand Roman territory eastward. The campaign marked a major escalation of conflict between Rome and ...

ancient empires ancient mesopotamia ancient warfare border war eastern frontier eastern mediterranean

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10

July 15, 89 Wars & Conflicts

Decisive Battle of Ikh Bayan

Ikh Bayan · Central Mongolia · Mongolia

The Battle of Ikh Bayan was a critical conflict between the Mongol Empire and the allied forces of the Southern Song dynasty and their allies. Fought in mid-July, the battle marked a majo...

asian empires asian history battle central asia china empire expansion

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11

December 13, 66 Politics

Coronation of Armenian King Tiridates

Artaxata Capital · Artaxata · Armenia

Tiridates I was crowned King of Armenia in the city of Artaxata, solidifying Roman influence in the region. His coronation marked the beginning of a dynasty recognized by both Rome and Pa...

1st century ancient armenia armenia armenian dynasty armenian history armenian kingdom

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12

May 8, 58 Wars & Conflicts

Roman-Parthian Military Resumption

Parthian Frontier · Mesopotamia Frontier · Roman Empire

Roman military campaigns against the Parthian Empire resumed under the rule of Emperor Nero, seeking to assert control over the eastern frontier. These efforts aimed to counter Parthian i...

ancient warfare antiquity borders conflict eastern frontier emperors

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13

February 10, 32 Politics

Ban Chao's Diplomatic Mission Westward

Kashgar · Xinjiang · China

Ban Chao, a Chinese general and diplomat of the Eastern Han dynasty, is recorded as sending an envoy toward the western regions in an effort to establish contacts with the Roman Empire.Th...

ancient china ancient diplomacy ancient rome ban chao caravan routes central asia

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R1

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

Civilian Economies Are Mobilized for War

1916–1918 — Governments expand control over labor, food, transportation, prices and industrial production. Women enter many sectors previously dominated by men. Colonial labor and soldier...

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R2

Published Research Nations & Civilizations

Assyria Invades Egypt

671 BCE — Assyrian king Esarhaddon invades Egypt and captures Memphis. Further campaigns follow as Assyria struggles against Kushite attempts to regain authority. Egypt becomes drawn into...

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R3

Published Research World Wars: Power, Conflict & Consequence

Japan Formally Surrenders

2 September 1945 — Japanese representatives sign the Instrument of Surrender aboard USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay. The ceremony formally ends the Second World War. Germany, Italy and Japan ha...

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