Apostolic Council Decision in Jerusalem
The Council of Jerusalem was a pivotal assembly of early Christian leaders who convened to discuss the integration of Gentile converts into the predominantly Jewish Ch...
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August 28, 2026
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Ma Yuan's Southern Military Campaigns
Ma Yuan was a prominent Han dynasty general who led campaigns in the southern regions of China to consolidate Han authority over the Nanyue Kingdom. His military exped...
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Crucifixion of Jesus Christ
Jesus of Nazareth was executed by crucifixion under Roman governor Pontius Pilate in Jerusalem, during the period of Roman occupation of Judea. The event is documented...
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Longinus. The Roman soldier who speared Jesus.
Longinus is the name given in later Christian tradition to the Roman soldier said to have pierced the side of Jesus during the crucifixion with a spear, as described i...
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Establishment of Xin Dynasty
The Xin dynasty was established by Wang Mang, who usurped the throne from the Han dynasty. This marked a significant political shift in ancient China, interrupting the...
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Quirinius Census in Roman Judea
The census conducted under Publius Sulpicius Quirinius was ordered by the Roman Empire as part of administrative reorganization following the annexation of Judea as a ...
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Birth of Jesus in Bethlehem
Jesus of Nazareth, the central figure of Christianity, is traditionally believed to have been born in Bethlehem during the final years of the reign of Herod the Great....
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Hosni Mubarak
Egyptian president whose nearly three decades in power ended after eighteen days of mass demonstrations.
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Klaus Schwab
German-born economist and engineer who founded the European Management Symposium, later known as the World Economic Forum, and served as its principal leader.
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Who Turned an Assassination Into a World War?
28 June–4 August 1914 — Sarajevo creates the crisis, but successive decisions by Austria-Hungary, Germany, Russia, France and Britain determine how far it spreads. The...
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Schneider-Creusot
1914–1918 wartime production — Schneider is a major French heavy-industrial and armaments producer whose factories supply artillery and military material to the French...
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Who Profited From Industrial War?
1914–1918 — Armaments companies, explosives producers and other industrial suppliers receive enormous wartime orders. Some businesses benefit heavily while others suff...
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Enver Hoxha
Communist leader who dominates Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985.
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Ahmet Zogu
Dominant interwar politician who becomes president and later King Zog I.
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Ali Pasha of Tepelena
Powerful Ottoman-Albanian ruler who builds an effectively autonomous state centered on Ioannina.
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Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg
Albanian noble and military commander who led a prolonged resistance against Ottoman expansion.
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Queen Teuta
Illyrian ruler whose kingdom came into direct conflict with the expanding Roman Republic.
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Bardylis
Powerful Illyrian ruler of the 4th century BCE who built a kingdom capable of challenging Macedonia.
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Egyptian-Hittite Peace Treaty
c. 1259 BCE — Egypt and the Hittite Empire formalize a peace agreement after decades of competition in the Levant. Surviving versions of the treaty preserve commitment...
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Khufu
Fourth Dynasty pharaoh whose reign is associated with construction of the Great Pyramid at Giza.
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Who Actually Built the Pyramids?
c. 2600–2500 BCE — Archaeology points toward organized Egyptian labor forces rather than armies of foreign slaves. Workers lived in settlements near Giza, received foo...
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Alexander the Great
Macedonian king whose conquests spread Greek language and culture across a vast Hellenistic world.
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Auschwitz Is Liberated
27 January 1945 — Soviet troops enter the Auschwitz concentration and extermination complex. They find thousands of surviving prisoners whom the SS had been unable to ...
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
U.S. president whose administration responded to warnings about atomic weapons and eventually authorized the massive wartime development program.
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Gavrilo Princip
Bosnian Serb nationalist who assassinated Franz Ferdinand and Sophie in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914.
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Germany Gives Austria-Hungary the 'Blank Cheque'
5 July 1914 — Austro-Hungarian envoy Alexander Hoyos receives powerful assurances in Berlin that Germany will support Vienna if it acts against Serbia, even if Russian...
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Italian Armistice Announced
8 September 1943 — Italy publicly announces an armistice with the Allies. German forces quickly occupy much of Italy, disarm many Italian units and rescue Mussolini, w...
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Klaus Schwab
German-born economist and engineer who founded the European Management Symposium, later known as the World Economic Forum, and served as its principal leader.
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Night of the Long Knives
30 June 1934 — Hitler orders the killing of SA leaders and other perceived political enemies. Ernst Röhm and numerous others are murdered without trial. The purge reas...
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Philip II of Macedon
Macedonian king who transforms his army and brings most Greek city-states under Macedonian dominance.
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Sir Edward Grey
British foreign secretary who attempted to organize international mediation during the crisis.
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