Assassination of Roman Emperor Gallienus
Emperor Gallienus, ruler of the Roman Empire during a time of internal strife and external invasions, was assassinated by his own military officers during a siege. His...
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168 events
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32 research items
· January 1, 0009 to
September 2, 2026
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Claudius II Ascends Roman Throne
Claudius II Gothicus became Roman Emperor following the death of his predecessor. His accession marked a shift during a turbulent period of frequent leadership changes...
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Roman Invasion of Persian Territory
Roman Emperor Valerian launched a military campaign against the Sasanian Empire, aiming to assert Roman dominance over Persian territories. This campaign marks a signi...
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Odaenathus Ascends Palmyra Leadership
Odaenathus rose to power in Palmyra amid the crisis of the Roman Empire in the mid-3rd century. Following the capture of the Roman Emperor Valerian by the Persians, Pa...
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Roman Empire Emperorship Transition
Valerian was proclaimed Roman Emperor following the death of his predecessor Aemilianus. His accession marked a significant change in leadership during a period fraugh...
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Brief Reign of Roman Emperor Aemilian
Aemilian, a Roman soldier and governor, seized power through a swift military revolt against Emperor Trebonianus Gallus. His accession marked a brief interruption in t...
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Gallienus Ascends Roman Throne
Gallienus became Roman Emperor following the assassination of his father, Valerian. His accession marked the beginning of a co-rule, where he shared power with his fat...
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Sasanian Conquest of Antioch
The Sasanian king Shapur I captured Antioch following his victorious campaigns against the Roman Empire. The fall of this major city marked a significant moment in Rom...
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Rise of Emperor Gordian III
Gordian III ascended to the Roman imperial throne following a period of political instability known as the Year of the Six Emperors. At the age of thirteen, he was dec...
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Roman Empire Political and Military Collapse
The Crisis of the Third Century marked a period of severe instability within the Roman Empire beginning in 235 AD. This era saw widespread political chaos, military de...
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Assassination of Roman Emperor Severus Alexander
Severus Alexander, the last emperor of the Severan dynasty, was assassinated by his own soldiers in March of 235 CE near the city of Mutina along the Danube frontier. ...
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Severus Alexander Becomes Emperor
Severus Alexander was proclaimed Roman Emperor following the assassination of Elagabalus. The Roman Senate officially endorsed his accession, marking a return to more ...
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Roman Emperor Elagabalus Assassinated
Elagabalus, Roman emperor notorious for his controversial religious and political actions, was assassinated on March 11 after a brief reign. His rule was marked by sig...
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Severan Dynasty's Controversial Succession
Elagabalus, also known as Varius Avitus Bassianus, was proclaimed Roman Emperor upon the death of Caracalla’s successor during the Severan dynasty. His accession marke...
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Decisive Battle for Nisibis Control
The Battle of Nisibis took place between the Roman forces led by Emperor Macrinus and the Parthian army. It was fought near the strategic city of Nisibis, a key strong...
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Decisive Clash at Nisibis
The Battle of Nisibis was fought near the city of Nisibis, a strategic fortress in Mesopotamia. Roman forces under Emperor Macrinus clashed with the Parthian army, res...
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Roman Imperial Power Shift
Macrinus, formerly a praetorian prefect, became Roman Emperor following the assassination of Caracalla. This marked a significant shift in imperial authority as Macrin...
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Death of Roman Emperor Severus
Septimius Severus, Roman Emperor, died on February 4th while in the city of Lugdunum, in the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis. His death marked the end of his two-...
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Talmud gender categories
Rabbinic literature from the Mishnaic and Talmudic periods (approximately 1st–6th centuries CE) includes legal discussions that describe several categories relating to...
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Caracalla Declares Himself Augustus
Caracalla officially took the title of Augustus, marking his elevation to co-emperor alongside his father, Septimius Severus. This move solidified his position within ...
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Decisive Clash at Issus Battlefield
The Battle of Issus was fought between the forces of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus and his rival Pescennius Niger. It marked a defining moment during the Year of...
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Senatorial Auction for Roman Empire
Following the assassination of Emperor Pertinax, the Roman imperial throne was sold to the highest bidder by the Senate. Didius Julianus secured the empire by offering...
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Roman Senate's Brief New Emperor
Pertinax was proclaimed Roman Emperor by the Senate following the assassination of Commodus. His accession marked a brief attempt to restore discipline and order in th...
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Murder of Roman Emperor Commodus
Commodus, Roman Emperor and son of Marcus Aurelius, was assassinated in his palace in Rome. His death ended the Nerva–Antonine dynasty.The emperor was strangled by his...
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New Constitution
28 November 1998 — Albania adopts a new constitution after the instability of the early post-communist period. It establishes the fundamental institutional framework o...
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Albania Breaks With China
1978 — Chinese economic and military assistance ends after years of growing ideological disagreement. Albania loses its final major communist ally and enters an extrao...
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Prince Wilhelm of Wied
European prince selected to rule the newly established Albanian principality during an extremely unstable period.
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Religious Landscape Changes
16th–18th centuries — Islam spreads substantially among Albanian populations under Ottoman rule. Conversion varies greatly by region and period. Catholic communities r...
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Slavic Migrations Transform the Balkans
c. 550–650 CE — Slavic-speaking groups settle widely across the Balkans during a period of weakened Byzantine frontier control. Settlement patterns, languages and poli...
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Christianity Spreads
1st–4th centuries CE — Christianity spreads through the Roman Balkans and eventually becomes institutionally established. Bishoprics emerge in important cities includi...
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Persia Conquers Egypt
525 BCE — Cambyses II of the Achaemenid Persian Empire defeats Pharaoh Psamtik III and incorporates Egypt into the Persian imperial system. Persian kings adopt pharaon...
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Saite Revival
664–525 BCE — Rulers of the Twenty-Sixth Dynasty reunify Egypt from their base at Sais. They encourage trade with the Greek world, employ foreign mercenaries and reviv...
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Third Intermediate Period
c. 1070–664 BCE — Political power is divided among several dynasties and regional centers. Libyan-descended ruling families establish dynasties in northern Egypt, whil...
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Egypt Fights the Sea Peoples
c. 1177 BCE — During the reign of Ramesses III, Egyptian inscriptions describe major battles against groups arriving by land and sea. These groups are traditionally ca...
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Ahmose I
c. 1550–1525 BCE — Ahmose I completes the Theban war against the Hyksos and captures their capital at Avaris. His campaigns reunify Egypt and extend Egyptian power int...
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The New Kingdom
c. 1550–1070 BCE — Egypt becomes one of the great imperial powers of the Late Bronze Age. Pharaohs campaign into Nubia and the Levant while wealth flows into enormous ...
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The Middle Kingdom
c. 2055–1650 BCE — Reunified Egypt experiences renewed royal authority, extensive building programs and military expansion into Nubia. Literature flourishes and Egypti...
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First Intermediate Period
c. 2181–2055 BCE — Egypt is politically divided among competing centers, especially Herakleopolis in the north and Thebes in the south. Provincial rulers exercise grea...
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Sneferu
c. 2613–2589 BCE — Sneferu, founder of the Fourth Dynasty, oversees an extraordinary period of pyramid experimentation. Projects associated with his reign include the ...
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The Old Kingdom
c. 2686–2181 BCE — The Old Kingdom becomes the classic age of pyramid construction and highly centralized kingship. The royal court controls extensive agricultural res...
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More Than Five Thousand Years of State History
c. 3100 BCE–2026 CE — Egypt has been governed by native pharaohs, Nubian kings, Persians, Macedonians, Romans, Byzantines, Arab caliphates, Fatimids, Ayyubids, Mamluks...
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Naqada Cultures Transform Egypt
c. 4000–3100 BCE — Powerful communities develop across Upper Egypt during the Naqada periods. Trade expands, elite burials become richer and political centers such as ...
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Before Albania, Before Illyria
Human communities occupied the territory of modern Albania long before written history. Archaeology reveals Paleolithic activity followed by increasingly settled commu...
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Chase Manhattan Bank
Chase Manhattan Bank was a major U.S. financial institution led by David Rockefeller during a period of significant international expansion. The bank maintained intern...
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Chase Manhattan Bank
Chase Manhattan Bank was a major U.S. financial institution led by David Rockefeller during a period of significant international expansion. The bank maintained intern...
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David Rockefeller becomes CFR chairman
David Rockefeller became chairman of the Council on Foreign Relations in 1970, beginning a period of substantial Rockefeller involvement in the organization's leadersh...
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David Rockefeller leads CFR
David Rockefeller served as chairman of the Council on Foreign Relations from 1970 to 1985. His chairmanship overlapped with the period in which he helped establish th...
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Kissinger becomes Secretary of State
Henry Kissinger became U.S. Secretary of State on 09/22/1973, while continuing to serve as national security adviser for a period. His simultaneous positions gave him ...
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